泥沙研究

基于协同学理论，识别了黄河不同河段的水沙系统序参量，明晰了序参量对水沙动力因子的响应机制。结果表明：上游序参量为三湖河口平滩流量，主要受汛期来水控制，与汛期出库水量、汛期水流过程参数成正比。中游序参量为潼关高程，和三门峡水库运用方式相关，与全年泄流比和排沙比成反比。下游序参量为孙口平滩流量，同时受上游水沙条件制约，与全年出库水量、汛期水流过程参数成正比，并与汛期来沙系数成反比。通过建立二者间的定量响应关系式，计算得到了维持黄河水沙平衡条件下，刘家峡、三门峡和小浪底水库的水沙动力因子调控阈值，为黄河水沙系统调控提供参考。

Based on synergetics theory, the order parameters of water-sediment system in different reaches of the Yellow River Basin were identified, and the response mechanism of the order parameters to water-sediment dynamic factors was clarified. The results showed that the order parameter of the upper reach is the bank-full discharge of Sanhuhekou, which is mainly controlled by the inflow during the flood season, and is proportional to the outflow volume and the flow process parameters during the flood season. The order parameter of the middle reach is Tongguan elevation, which is related to the operation of Sanmenxia Reservoir, and is inversely proportional to the annual water discharge ratio and sediment discharge ratio. The order parameter of the lower reach is the bank-full discharge of Sunkou, which is constrained by upstream water and sediment conditions. It is proportional to the annual outflow discharge and flood-season flow process parameters, and inversely proportional to the flood-season inflow sediment coefficient. By establishing the quantitative response relationship between the two, the regulation thresholds of water-sediment dynamic factors for Liujiaxia, Sanmenxia, and Xiaolangdi reservoirs under conditions of maintaining water-sediment balance of the Yellow River were obtained, which provides critical references for optimizing water-sediment regulation strategies.