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面向河口数字孪生，针对Delft3D默认泥沙模块粒径划分与输运公式选择失配于河口“水沙两相流”特征，导致含沙量被系统性高估的问题，提出两项改进：一是考虑紊流猝发下床沙、推移质与悬移质的动态互转，取消经验性粒径阈值，使输运项与颗粒谱(细粒絮凝、粗粒起动)在统一框架协同求解；二是引入有效剪力扩展算法，消除对河流比降的依赖，使相应的挟沙力公式适用于潮汐等非恒定过程。以鸭绿江口为例的数值试验表明，改进模型对含沙量的拟合优于默认方案，能更真实再现冲淤演变；同时，挟沙力公式理论参数固定，无需人工标定参数，使得改进模型表现出良好的稳健性和可移植性；此外，改进方案考虑了河口泥沙浮泥的絮凝效应，有效提升了Delft3D在河口数字孪生中的适用性与决策支撑能力。
Abstract：Oriented to estuarine digital twins, this study addresses the systematic overestimation of suspended sediment concentration by the default Delft3D sediment module, which stems from a mismatch between its grain size partitioning and transport formula selection and the “two-phase” water-sediment dynamics of estuaries. We propose two improvements:(1) considering the dynamic interconversion among bed material, bedload, and suspended load under turbulent bursting, the empirical grain-size threshold is eliminated, enabling the transport terms and the particle-size spectrum—capturing both fine-particle flocculation and coarse-grain initiation—to be solved collaboratively within a unified framework; and(2) an effective-shear extension algorithm is introduced to eliminate the dependence on channel gradient, thereby making the corresponding sediment-carrying capacity formula applicable to tidal and other unsteady processes. Using the Yalu River Estuary as a case study, the numerical experiments show that the improved model fits suspended-sediment concentration better than the default configuration and more realistically reproduces erosion-deposition patterns. Moreover, the sediment-carrying-capacity formula employs fixed theoretical parameters without manual calibration, yielding stronger robustness and portability of the improved model. By explicitly accounting for the flocculation of fluid-mud components typical of estuaries, the proposed scheme substantially enhances Delft3D's applicability and decision-support capability in estuarine digital-twin applications.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16239/j.cnki.0468-155x.2026.04.002
中图分类号:TP399;TV14
引用信息:
[1]贾艳红,假冬冬,张佳欣,等.基于有效剪力的Delft3D泥沙输运模型改进及应用[J].泥沙研究,2026,51(04):8-14.DOI:10.16239/j.cnki.0468-155x.2026.04.002.
基金信息:
水利部水旱灾害防御重点实验室开放基金项目(KYFB202307260054); 流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室开放基金项目(IWHR-SKL-KF202206)
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