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为明晰接坝区退耕坡地土壤风蚀及输沙特征,选取小坝子流域的退耕坡地作为研究区,基于2018—2020年间集沙仪观测数据,分析了不同季节及下垫面类型的输沙率与粒径分布特征,并提出了针对性防治建议。在季节变化上,春季为风蚀最强时段,坡中沙地和坡下农地的平均输沙率分别达到2.68×10-2 kg/(m2·d)和5.43×10-2 kg/(m2·d),其次是冬季和夏秋季。从下垫面类型来看,坡顶裸岩沙地、坡中沙地、坡脚草地和坡下农地的场次大风输沙率依次为34.28×10-2 kg/(m2·h)、34.08×10-2 kg/(m2·h)、7.13×10-2 kg/(m2·h)和8.20×10-2 kg/(m2·h),差异显著。风蚀物粒径以粉粒为主,其次是极细沙和细沙。坡上退耕地和坡下翻耕后农地为防治重点区域,春季为重点防控时段。
Abstract:To clarify the characteristics of wind erosion and sand transport on withdrawing cultivated slope land in the transitional area from plateau to plain, a representative slope land in Xiaobazi watershed is selected as the study area. Based on the observation data between 2018 and 2020, the sand transport rates and particle size distributions on different underlying surface durin different seasons have been analyzed, and the strategy for mitigating wind erosion is proposed. The results show that spring is the period of the strongest wind erosion, with average sand transport rates of 2.68×102 kg/(m2·d) on mid-slope sandy land and 5.43×102 kg/(m2·d) on lower-slope farmland, followed by winter, and then summer and autumn. Regarding surface types, the sand transport rates for the bare rocky land at the slope top, the mid-slope sandy land, the grassland at the slope bottom, and the lower-slope farmland are 34.28×102, 34.08×102, 7.13×102, and 8.20×102 kg/(m2·h), respectively. The wind-eroded particles are primarily silt, followed by very fine sand and fine sand. The study highlights that withdrawing cultivated slope land and tilled farmland under the slope are the critical surface types for wind erosion control in the transition zone, and the spring is the key prevention and control period.
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基本信息:
DOI:10.16239/j.cnki.0468-155x.2025.03.002
中图分类号:S157.1
引用信息:
[1]许晶晶,杜鹏飞,陈吟,等.接坝区退耕坡地风沙输沙率及粒径特征分析[J].泥沙研究,2025,50(03):9-16.DOI:10.16239/j.cnki.0468-155x.2025.03.002.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0500802); 水利部水土保持业务项目(1261523410001)