泥沙研究

如何解决桥墩冲刷问题是贯穿桥梁整个寿命期的技术难题，为获得对桥墩冲刷的最优减冲防护效果，采用主动防护类型的防冲板进行减冲防护试验，并对其结构形状作优化设计以获得更优的抗冲刷性能。试验结果表明：双墩防护的减冲率整体高于单墩防护，表明双墩式防冲板的防护效果最理想，其中明渠水流条件下减小率较大，冰盖条件下次之；标准误差与湍流强度的关系呈线性相关，即较强的湍流强度伴随着较大的标准误差，不受其他变量的无关性影响；上游墩前位置处不受遮蔽效应的影响功率谱衰减率较大，而其余位置处则受遮蔽影响环流强烈，致使其具有强涡度和高频谱密度。

How to solve the scouring problem of bridge pier is a technical challenge that runs through the entire life of a bridge. In order to obtain the optimal anti-scouring protection effect on the bridge pier, active protection type of anti-scouring plates were designed and optimized structurally by a series of anti-scouring protection tests with different flow conditions. The test results show that the overall reduction rate of double-pier protection is higher than that of single-pier protection, which indicating that the former has the most ideal protective effect. With the double-pier protection, the reduction rate is greater under open channel conditions, and the next reduction rate is under ice cover conditions; the relationship between the standard error and the turbulence intensity is linearly correlated, that means the stronger turbulence intensity is accompanied by a larger standard error, which is not affected by the irrelevance of other variables. The power spectral attenuation rate is larger at the upstream pier front location, which is not subject to the masking effect, whereas the circulation at other locations is strong due to the sheltering effect, which results in a strong vorticity and a high spectral density.